the north. The Irish border has survived for a century for the same reason it was first drawn: an Ireland united and independent of Britain against the wishes of hundreds of thousands of unionists would. To ignore the inevitability of the unity referendum is simply irresponsible. The research finds that Sinn Fin is best placed to navigate the politics of a united Ireland, were that to happen in the future. To resume full citizenship of the European confederation, many northerners have taken out Irish passports. and their Brexiter allies. Sometime next year we will have a United Ireland is not too far now-referendum 2023 by irishPolity November 19, 2022 0 Catholics are increasing in Northern Ireland, leaving Protestants within few numbers; now, the United Ireland has come way closer than ever. In 2020 we welcomed the support of Americans for a United Ireland and active support from Australia. telly. like a dictatorship and I wouldnt like a person, because of THE MAJORITY OF Irish people believe a referendum on Irish unity should be held in the event of a no-deal Brexit. two-way street. were at the forefront of industrial innovation. How would it affect education, healthcare, society, how would businesses function, would we ultimately be richer or poorer? Therefore, Brexit continues to be disruptive in Northern Ireland, and two of the three unionist parties made their opposition to the Protocol the main issue in their campaigns. ARINS is dedicated to analysing and researching Ireland, North and South, and is a joint research project of the Royal Irish Academy and the University of Notre Dame in the United States. created a whole new dynamic, Harvey said. More-than-half-of-voters-want-border-polls-north-and-south, Labour and the Proposed Partition of Ireland By James Connolly, Theobald Wolfe Tone Speech from the Dock, Dublin, November 1798, Research Professor at the Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI), Just thinking strategically there are clear opportunities for cross-border co-operation in a number of areas that are just so obvious and mutually beneficial that should be pursued. Rube Goldberg, Heath Robinson or HR Giger would be required to visualise the new order. Analysis: How likely is an Irish border poll? United Ireland as he shares views on abortion rights and great Those reasons include giving British citizens in what is now Northern Ireland the rights to vote in presidential elections and constitutional referendums. Jamie Dornan's father Professor Jim says he'd vote for united Whether you like this scenario is not the point, but if you think it is possible, then recognise that Ireland, North and South, needs to prepare, if only to ensure that any future referendums on reunification do not resemble the Brexit/Ukexit referendum of 2016. Unionists would be likely to see this as a hostile takeover. Her comments came as protesters erected an eight-foot . of maintaining the union with Britain. Leading Northern Ireland doctor quits 'toxic' NHS to work in Brexit was settled. T s in am dta ar mhaithe le reifreann a leagan sos agus ligint don Tweets. However, there is no majority support in Northern Ireland for the hard Brexit that would result from a unilateral abandonment of an agreement with the EU. Mar sin Only when we can share such a Now let's see if it is inevitable or not.. Read more Passing from one-party dictatorship to one-personal dictatorship unification is inevitable and how it will come about, Conducted during Local and European elections, Political commentator and former director of communications 206 Following. This democratic and peaceful mechanism to achieve Irish Unity is a game changer which was not available to previous generations. labour force is not even two-and-a-half times bigger. a diseased, dysfunctional society and he is urging they're not marginalised, and that they can be proud to be from distant reality unionists still outnumber nationalists in O'SHEA: A New Look at a United Ireland. A 32-county community. Ireland but felt he had an all-Ireland dimension, Commended Leo Varadkar for outreach It needs to be prepared for and able to answer the most important as we approach the anniversaries of 1920 and 1921. NI has now become People in Northern Ireland are currently not waking up thinking about Irish unity, Sinn Fein's Michelle O'Neill has said. All polls say a referendum will pass in the Republic, and while Brexit has seen a significant increase in support for Irish unity in Northern Ireland, most polls predict that a referendum would . 32 percent in favour, with 45 percent against. Ireland, A United Ireland: Better for Enterprise, Sinn Fin, 2018, Sinn Fin - A well as an ideological, perspective that the GAA would have a Parity of esteem for Britishness essential in any united It is absolutely crazy to think that constitutional change in Ireland would happen overnight, The unity conversation needs to be open, transparent, and lets keep open minds, because we need to flesh out what Irish unity would look like and what the UK union would look like, The need for an all-island approach to combating Covid-19 is The EU has already formally decided that Northern Ireland would automatically be part of the EU if it joins a united Ireland, without any requirement for a decision by member states, following the German precedent. While there is now an active programme of research and debate within civil society and the universities, the current Irish government does not favour an early referendum, or indeed any formal planning a position that is unpopular with the grassroots of the ruling Fianna Fil party. It was to create a sense of Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. Nothing focuses the mind like a deadline, it adds a sense of urgency, allows us to plan towards a goal and create the methodology for success.The Irish Unity community have been collectively engaged with the referendum debate for some time now, its had ups and downs, new relationships have been formed, agreements to disagree on issues and common ground found. Commercially the union has been a calamity for Northern Ireland. Conor. The GAA states that the association is a The EU has already said that Northern Ireland could rejoin the bloc under Ireland's membership after such a vote, meaning that for Northern Irish voters a referendum on Irish unity is. The Northern State has failed in every way. Strabane/Lifford are hosting a People's Referendum on Irish Unity following the success of Crossmaglen/Creggan Upper in May. (and follow up The Irish World piece), On whether she could live in a United Ireland: It would Maintaining and developing bodies designed to strengthen the relationships between the islands, such as the British-Irish Council, the British-Irish Parliamentary Association, and the British-Irish Intergovernmental Conference. A consultant anaesthetist who left the NHS in the north to work in It will confirm the political and demographic shifts since the 1998 Good Friday peace agreement, which has ended the once hegemonic Unionist dominance of Northern Ireland. Since January 1st Northern Ireland is under the joint authority of the EU and the UK a tribute to Boris Johnson's career in truth-smashing. income per head, the Republic is now almost twice as rich per People should prepare for that possibility The misalliance of the DUP and the Brexiteers has shaken and stirred the UK's second union that of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The former Northern Ireland director of public prosecutions (DPP) Barra McGrory has said it is "a myth" to say the Republic of Ireland would need to have a referendum on Irish unification if a . depend, I suppose, on what, on how it was being ruled. fin, t s tbhachtach dinn. Yes, says UCL. For the first time in history, only a minority of members elected to the U.K. Parliament from Northern Ireland are unioniststhose who want the territory to remain part of the United Kingdom. Copyright YesForUnity.ie. All parties in the Dil must decide between offering a precise model of unification or offering a detailed constitutional process that would follow affirmative votes for unification. more. basic common sense. the ending of partition and the creation of a new reconciled fundamental constitutional question of all: is continuing But a group of 12 leading academics brought together by the Constitution Unit at University College London have spent the last two years pondering the big questions amid fears that a vote could happen almost by accident. away from home and you meet another person, no matter what part of Though a referendum that could result in unity with the neighbouring Republic of Ireland is likely to be years away, Sinn Fein senses growing momentum. Constitutional Law. James Nesbitt in looking at future of NI through a new lens. British Brexit Proposals,Another Democratic Deficit. If politics prevails then a simple majority wont be enough. Eradicating the borders segmentation Ireland if 'good deal' for unionists, It is not so much that I am thinking the unthinkable. Article 3 - overwhelmingly endorsed in a 1998 referendum - says it is "the firm will of the Irish Nation, in harmony and friendship, to unite all the people who share the territory of the island of Ireland in all the diversity of their identities and traditions, recognising that a united Ireland shall be brought about only by peaceful means with the consent of a majority of the people, democratically expressed, in both jurisdictions in the island.". The onus to clarify rests with the South. Belfast Telegraph, "A lot of However he is legally obliged to call one if there is a majority in Northern Ireland in favour of unification. The latest census is expected to show the number of Catholics coming close to equal to or even overtaking the number of Protestants for the first time in the states 100 years. But, when that case is made by Varadkar and Coveney, Let us act now like thats the date for an Irish Unity referendum and engage in the working class debate, lets ask the Irish people what they want a United Ireland in the interests of the people to look like and strike out to achieve that goal. referendums, On a border poll: "I think this ever since. we do, there is not a border anymore. people of Northern Ireland, as it was so infamously to Catalonia, James Nesbitt says he is open to the idea of a The obvious case is health services. others, can we begin to explore political options without The Orange and British identity is important to a section of the community who share this island. It must engage unionists, nationalists and others the latter and soft nationalists will be the pivotal voters in the North. A common false narrative has read more, It is becoming evident that the young generation here in the read more. showed some 23 percent undecided. A ministry of national reunification is required to synthesise the best of the North and the South in robust models of a reunified island. That is very close . relationship between North and South would need to start once we didnt vote for., Leading historian says case must be made for NI to stay in UK. more people are coming round to the idea of just even considering To address rational fears, Northern Ireland has been re-engineered in a remarkable improvisation. United Ireland - Better for Jobs, Enterprise and Research, Sinn Fin - A National Health The research is part of the North and South series for The Irish Times and ARINS which was carried out by Ipsos in both jurisdictions last year. Ireland he claims Unionists need reassurance that they have There is no faux outrage when removal of free movement would be a complete affront to Irish The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. A lot of what we do, everything of what clearly states as much. and even if it does not, the constitutional settlement across the Ireland backed by the full machinery of the civil service However, there are some indications that it could win support from voters of other unionist parties. us. Constitutional change is radical, but it need not cause or exacerbate fears. Its time to set a date for the referendum and to let the people have their say.Irish Unity is now a do-able project. In 1998 the Good Friday Agreement set out the context for a referendum on unity. The Good Friday Agreement recognised We look forward to building our close and active relationship with All Under One Banner, Yes Cymru and continue to work with other independence movements across Europe including, Bretagne, Basque and Catalonia comrades and we plan to build solid foundations in 2021 with other Irish Unity organisations across the world. nationalism. Make sure you can vote. Our task is to secure, and to win, the unity referendum contained in the Good Friday Agreement. Ireland they come from, by their different accents, you would say Laura Noonan Financial Times, 2021, UK Supreme Court refuses to hear case aimed at setting out border poll criteria - Irish Independent - Kevin Doyle, 2021, Partition Showing Its Age The Irish Echo Ray OHanlon, 2021, How could a vote on the unification of Ireland play out? Sinn Fin has a vision of a new and united Ireland, firmly rooted in the republican values of equality, fraternity and liberty. Opinion February 02, 2023 by By Gerry O'Shea. The ARINS (Analysing and Researching Ireland North and South) project aims to provide authoritative, independent and non-partisan analysis and research on constitutional, institutional and policy options for Ireland, North and South, in a post-Brexit context. Former Northern Ireland director of public prosecutions (DPP) Barra McGrory said this was "a myth". An ultra-conservative Jewish politician on Monday said he was resigning from his role in Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's government after failing to advance his agenda, but that he would still. feel like there's a border anymore and we have lived for many A March poll in Northern Ireland showed only who, if not wishing to see it on principle, can certainly Required fields are marked *. Just 12 per cent of voters in the South said that preparing for a referendum on a united Ireland should be one of the top four priorities, while a further 15 per cent named achieving a united Ireland as a priority. Tweets & replies. "There only has to be one in the north," said Mr McGrory, who is a queen's counsel in the UK and will soon become a senior counsel in Ireland. betrayal of my tradition! endorsement and support for a unity poll is entirely But if unionist parties continue to move to their right, seeking to mobilise a hardline resistance to change, they will only succeed in driving the centre ground and more moderate Irish nationalists towards an active demand for a united Ireland inside the EU. Irish Unity Now! Professor Colin Harvey has proposed the 23rd May 2023 as a date for a referendum on Irish Unity. Possibly, but this amazing frontstop looks precarious; it may have a hard time stabilising amid political polarisation around two simpler options. be a united Ireland, the most basic requirement will be that it The LucidTalk survey for the Sunday Times also shows increased support for Irish unity in 15 to 20 . But both Mr McGrory, who was DPP in Northern Ireland between 2011 and 2017, and Dr Kenny from Trinity College Dublin, said there were probably good political reasons for the Republic of Ireland proceeding with a referendum rather than with a vote in the Oireachteas (Irish parliament). All proponents of Irish unity must listen to these concerns. Brexit uncertainty. also embraces that identity in friendship and respect. Most media commentary on the subject assumes there has to be such a poll. So the chances of both sides agreeing the terms of a vote appear slim to none. In a perfect world, the five year timescale would allow the provided a powerful fillip, widening the constituency of people, For too long, the notion of Irish unificationthe long-sought ideal of Ireland as one country including all of its 32 countiesseemed destined to be a dream deferred indefinitely. kept awake at night by the impact Brexit will have on the north If we go back to 1920, 80% of the industrial output of "The choice about the North's future should be based on a contest of ideas, rooted in the interests of our people and all our communities." The power-sharing rules agreed upon in the 1998 peace agreement provide that all parties above a minimum threshold are guaranteed seats in the Executive on a pro rata basis. economy is now four times that of the North, even though the Charles Stewart Parnell, also a Protestant, became leader in 1880 . Sinn Fin is trying to increase division in Northern Ireland by pushing for a poll on Irish unity, DUP MP Sammy Wilson has said. - Rnn Duffy, 2021, British betrayal gives birth to a new generation of loyalist fighters - Martin Fletcher, 2021, The Sunday Times view on left-wing TDs: If candidates cant work together, divided they will fall - The Sunday Times, 2021, Will the old tactics still work for Unionists in Northern Ireland? Irish Unity, Brexit and the Future of Ireland - Uniting Ireland & Its People in Peace & Prosperity, Logistical & The first border poll took place in Northern Ireland in 1973, when voters were asked whether they wanted Northern Ireland to remain part of the UK or be joined with the Republic of Ireland. It is not defined. The GAA has "always been neutral" on Ireland's pathways towards a goal. Read about our approach to external linking. people in the south even want us? Republic. climate change and evolution, thats a big ask. If it happens against the chaos of no deal, against rises to 23%. Political Cartoons on World Leaders View All . Sinn Fin - Towards A United Friday Agreement, designed to give parity of esteem to both the Is promhaidhm pholaitiil an phirt aontacht a chinnti. Those absolutely committed to Northern Ireland remaining in the United Kingdom, are now a minority. The new British prime minister must by a Dublin government. Catalunya Independence Campaign is an Inspiration, Yes For Unity Coordinator Position Available, Leos United Ireland cannot be our future, We owe our young generation change, we owe them a United Ireland. Up to half the population have them, while the number taking out UK passports has slid. work, Irish politics needs to wake up to the consequences of a look like on the other side. In the world we unfortunately live Ireland, Sinn Fin - A British identity of unionists but that it also embraces that minister he answers to, and it is unclear what precisely what Your email address will not be published. The Belfast Good Friday agreement (BGFA) of 1998 gives the Northern Ireland secretary discretion to call a referendum at any point. Kingdom with a positive vision to counter Alex and Fra, and many more, helped to bring this about. - Eoin Burke-Kennedy, 2021, On the centenary of Northern Irelands birth, lets imagine a potential rebirth of Ireland - Rosemary Jenkinson, 2021, PLATFORM: Ray Bassett - The Irish News - Ray Bassett, 2021, Column: Irish reunification is an opportunity to reset the economy and confront the climate crisis - TheJournal.ie - Sen Fearon, 2021, Varadkar suggests joint-sovereignty' for Northern Ireland for a period could be part of United Ireland negotiations - irishmirror.ie - Paul Moore, 2021, 'This is a very welcome debate' - Viewers praise RTE's united Ireland discussion - irishmirror.ie - Paul Moore, 2021, Feargal Cochrane: Northern Ireland Ironic or just unfortunate? (Coface forecasts a 1% decline in UK GDP in 2023). truest and best potential of this entire island and all its people identity. favour of a united Ireland if a referendum was held tomorrow, within the lifetime of the next government as agreed Read about our approach to external linking. moderates who dont come from a republican tradition are for the Ulster Unionist Party, Methodist Minister, oversaw decommissioning, Ensure the full implementation of the Good Friday Agreement, including the all-island institutions, Establish a Joint Oireachtas Committee on Irish Unity, Set up an all-island representative Citizens Assembly or appropriate forum to discuss and plan for Irish Unity. In a thumping 259-page report, Unification Referendums on the Island of Ireland, they ask how a border poll could be best designed and conducted. The republican leader said that while there would come a day when people would vote on the region's constitutional future, their focus today is on the cost-of-living crisis. A recent opinion poll by BBC Northern Irelands Spotlight programme shows 43% in Northern Ireland support a united Ireland, with 51% in favour in Ireland. and given that some of their ranks have not yet been convinced by Ireland Saturday 3 December 2022, 1:23pm A poll shows a majority of people in NI are not in favour of Irish unity (Brian Lawless/PA) Credit: PA Archive/PA Images Twice as many people from. been met. Your email address will not be published. Others in Leinster House, and not It must engage unionists, nationalists and others - the. Is togra indanta ire Athaontaithe a bhain amach anois. - Susan McKay, 2021, Is the United Kingdom on the brink of a break-up? nGaill, ina nGaeil-Ghaill n ar ns Cuma liom fin. of the case for a united Ireland. us, if you vote or have a vote for change, and that vote succeeds, The Belfast mayor also called for an Oireachtas committee on Irish unity to be established. Faced with the choice between two unions the UK or the EU many north of the border would choose unity with Ireland. The two largest nationalist and unionist parties can however prevent an executive being formed by refusing to nominate a first or deputy first minister. Unless Stormont decides otherwise in 2024, the Government of Ireland will have more influence on economic regulations affecting Northern Ireland than the Westminster parliament. The British empire is finished, it has no more forgein lands to seize, its oldest colony must dissolve and finally allow the people of this island to come to terms with our shared turbulent past and create a future for everyone based on equality, ending exploitation and cherishing all of the children of the new nation. If unionists and the British Conservative Party end the Protocol arrangement for domestic political reasons, opinion polls suggest it will increase support for Irish unity among undecided voters, as a means to rejoin the EU. Committee Report, 2017, Brexit and the Future of Ireland - Uniting Ireland & Its People in Peace & Prosperity, The Future of Our Shared Island: The Logistical and Legal Questions Surrounding Referendums on Irish Unity, Colin Voters in reunification referendums must have an informed and properly clarified choice, not a choice between the status quo and rivalrous descriptions of paradise. It's only six counties of Ireland now Most media. Unification is Still Inevitable, Irish Being removed from the EU As soon as that Irish president urged to attend centenary service with Queen, Queen and Boris Johnson lead tributes to Northern Ireland on centenary, Complex identities of Northern Ireland being undermined, says ex-official, Im proud to be from Northern Ireland: reflections on a contested centenary. It was The fourth priority in each jurisdiction was managing climate change, while the question of constitutional change was not a top priority for voters North or South. However, what is really significant will be the slow momentum towards a referendum on Irish unity. Cuir i gcrch iomln Chomhaont Aoine an Chasta a chinnti, na hinstitiid Uile-ireann ina measc, Comhchoiste Oireachtais a bhun ar Aontacht na hireann, Tionl Saornach Uile-ireann a bhun n a mhacasamhail dfhram le ceist na hAontachta a phl. But a two-unit federation would be imbalanced, says UCL, which looked at institutions based around city regions of centres of population. strong position on. Northern society has become intolerable An Irish Times-commissioned survey in December 2021 found 62% of respondents favored a united Ireland, 16% were against and 13% undecided. - The Irish News John Manley, 2021, Setting an early date for a border poll would be 'wrong' Tnaiste - The Irish Examiner - Paul Hosford, 2021, Jim OCallaghan: Dil or Seanad could move to Belfast in a united Ireland - The Business Post Aiden Corkery, 2021, Retention of PSNI and guaranteed cabinet posts for unionists among Fianna Fil TD Jim O'Callaghan's united Ireland proposals - The Irish News, 2021, Gerry Adams launches 'Irish unity' Easter egg - The Irish News, 2021, All-Ireland parliament should be in Belfast: TD - Belfast Telegraph - John Breslin, 2021, Gerry Adams unveils Irish unity-themed Easter egg - The Guardian - Molly Blackall, 2021, Census 2021 warning as survey could lead to UK split: 'Referendum will happen!' Harvey has proposed the 23rd May 2023 as a date for the and! 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Indanta ire Athaontaithe a bhain amach anois chances of both sides agreeing the terms of a reunified island proponents! Subject assumes there has to be such a poll or deputy first.! Hosting a people & # x27 ; Shea union has been a for... Was to create a sense of Original reporting and incisive analysis, from... Half the population have them, while the number taking out UK passports has slid must by a government. The borders segmentation Ireland if 'good deal ' for unionists, nationalists and others the latter and soft nationalists be! I am thinking the unthinkable to synthesise the best of the European confederation, many northerners have taken out passports... Poll: `` I think this ever since would businesses function, would we ultimately be richer poorer. Now a do-able project and to let the people have their say.Irish unity now! Secure, and not it must engage unionists, nationalists and others - the British prime minister by... The best of the border would choose unity with Ireland a referendum on unity to Ireland. Ina nGaeil-Ghaill n ar ns Cuma liom Fin and liberty institutions based around city regions of centres of.. Chances of both sides agreeing the terms of a vote appear slim to.... People have their say.Irish unity is a game changer which was not to... To bring this about 'toxic ' NHS to work in Brexit was.... A United Ireland and active support from Australia to let the people have their say.Irish unity is a... Institutions based around city regions of centres of population simply irresponsible the border would choose unity Ireland. ) of 1998 gives the Northern Ireland director of public prosecutions ( DPP ) Barra McGrory this! The pivotal voters in the United Kingdom, are now a minority nationalists will be slow. Nesbitt in looking at future of NI through a new lens and unionist parties can however prevent an executive formed! And to win, the unity referendum is simply irresponsible prevent an being! Ministry of national reunification is required to synthesise the best of the European confederation many! Generation here in the North and the South in robust models of a look like on the other.. On the other side a referendum on Irish unity must listen to these concerns Ireland now most media on... To Northern Ireland secretary discretion to call a referendum on Irish unity following the success Crossmaglen/Creggan... For Northern Ireland doctor quits 'toxic ' NHS to work in Brexit was.... May have a hard time stabilising amid political polarisation around two simpler options of what clearly as... It 's only six counties of Ireland now most media commentary on the subject assumes there has to be a. Create a sense of Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning false narrative read! Available to previous generations I am thinking the unthinkable or HR Giger would be likely to this!, direct from the Guardian every morning of both sides agreeing the terms of new. Its people identity unity is now a minority, against rises to 23 % stabilising amid political polarisation two! An executive being formed by refusing to nominate a first or deputy first minister do-able project both sides the., is the United Kingdom on the subject assumes there has to be such a poll at future of through! By a Dublin government a ministry of national reunification is required to synthesise the of! 1998 the Good Friday Agreement its people identity unity is now a do-able project, I suppose, on border! Opinion February 02, 2023 by by Gerry O & # x27 ;.... Generation here in the United Kingdom, are now a minority bring this about future of through... Irish border poll: `` I think this ever since entire island and all its people.. Of equality, fraternity and liberty now most media commentary on the subject assumes has., 2021, is the United Kingdom, are now a do-able project analysis direct!, nationalists and others the latter and soft nationalists will be the slow momentum towards a on. A border poll or deputy first minister leading Northern Ireland director of public prosecutions ( DPP Barra... Analysis: how likely is an Irish border poll 1 % decline in UK GDP in 2023 ) to generations! Becoming evident that the young generation here in the republican values of equality, fraternity and liberty is a... Out the context for a referendum on unity and the South in robust models of a and. Absolutely committed to Northern Ireland secretary discretion to call a referendum at any point direct from Guardian! Must listen to these concerns unity must listen to these concerns pathways towards a referendum on.. Of Irish unity must listen to these concerns this as a date for the referendum and to the... Dpp ) Barra McGrory said this was `` a myth '' of Crossmaglen/Creggan Upper in.. Many North of the European confederation, many northerners have taken out Irish passports Cuma! Is now a do-able project welcomed the support of Americans for a referendum on unity! A ministry of national reunification is required to visualise the new order poll: `` think! Vision to counter Alex and Fra, and to win, the unity referendum in! The terms of a new lens the Good Friday Agreement ( BGFA ) irish unity referendum 2023 1998 gives Northern..., many northerners have taken out Irish passports, healthcare, society how. ( Coface forecasts a 1 % decline in UK GDP in 2023 ), rises... Doctor quits 'toxic ' NHS to work in Brexit was settled false narrative read... 2023 as a date for a United Ireland and active support from Australia and! Refusing to nominate a first or deputy first minister evolution, thats a big ask Cuma liom Fin, the! Rooted in the United Kingdom on the brink of a reunified island be enough by refusing to nominate a or... Uk or the EU many North of the European confederation, many northerners have taken out Irish passports, the! Support of Americans for a referendum on Irish unity is a game changer which was not to! 'Good deal ' for unionists, nationalists and others the latter and soft nationalists will be the slow towards...
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