There are two stories regarding the origins of Hephaestus. Hera represents the ultimate divine woman in the Olympian pantheon and she has the most number of statues dedicated to her after her brother-husband Zeus.As wife of Zeus, the king of the skies, Hera has power over the skies and is the supreme goddess of the skies.Not only could she fly through air, but she also possessed the power to provide clear skies for . As king, Zeus had the authority to arrange marriages among the gods. "[49], Some state that his origin myth was that of a "daemon of fire coming up from the earth"that he was also associated with gas "which takes fire and burns [and] is considered by many people to be divine" and that only later was a volcano considered Hephaestus's smithy. In most accounts, Aphrodite is named as his wife, although she was unfaithful to him (with Ares, for one). Formerly one of the nine subordinate functions of the artificial intelligence GAIA, HEPHAESTUS was transformed into an independent AI by the entity Nemesis as an accidental consequence . Mason-Dixon Line Markedly the only conventionally unattractive of all the Greek gods and goddesses, Hephaestus suffered in life from a multitude of physical and emotional ailments. Despite this, however, Hephaestus managed to marry the most idealized goddess of them all. It should be added that while he is shown to be muscular, the depth of his physical disability depends on the artist in question. Hephaestus does not even have a chariot like some of the other gods~~he rides a donkey. Impressive metal doors and gates, heirloom swords and jewelry, and even finely wrought cups and scepters were said to be his creations. In a few myths, Zeus is the father of Hephaestus. Was the Griffin a Bird from Greek Mythology? When he did, Athena emerged fully formed and dressed in armor. Hephaestus was represented in the temple of Athena Chalcioecus at Sparta, in the act of delivering his mother;24 on the chest of Cypselus, giving to Thetis the armor for Achilles;25 and at Athens there was the famous statue of Hephaestus by Alcamenes, in which his lameness was slightly indicated (the so-called Theseion; ca. He gifted Harmonia an exquisite robe, and a luxurious necklace made by his own hand. Hephestus. The people telling his stories had no way of knowing that they were shedding light upon a disease that plagued smiths a thousand years before. Palaces and thrones - He built palaces and thrones for the other gods who lived on Mount Olympus. Hephaestus riding donkey, Athenian red-figure skyphos C5th B.C., Toledo Museum of Art. [13][14], He gave to the blinded Orion his apprentice Cedalion as a guide. My work has also been published on Buzzfeed and most recently in Time magazine. [40] At Athens, they had temples and festivals in common. To avoid any squabbles amongst the gods and probably to give Hera some type of assurance Zeus married Aphrodite off as quickly as possible to Hephaestus, denying the goddess her only love, the moral Adonis. He is the caretaker for the dead with the aid of Charon (the Ferryman), Cerberus (guardian to the entrance of Hades) and Persephone(wife of Hades). The marriage was not a happy one, however. On the islands northern shore, an ancient capital city was dedicated to the god named Hephaestia. He also seems like an unusual character. A further development of the later tradition is, that Hephaestus sprang from the thigh of Hera, and, being for a long time kept in ignorance of his parentage, he at length had recourse to a stratagem, for the purpose of finding it out. An Athenian founding myth tells that the city's patron goddess, Athena, refused a union with Hephaestus. Also called god of fire and metalworking. He was the son of Zeus and Hera and married Aphrodite. Hephaestus - Magwell for GHK AK Series. Arsenic could be combined with copper to create a metal referred to as arsenical bronze. Volcanus, or Vulcan as hes commonly known today, took on the constructive association between fire and smithing but was typically seen as a more destructive god than his Greek counterpart. The Greeks frequently placed miniature statues of Hephaestus near their hearths, and these figures are the oldest of all his representations. Hephaestus was associated with volcanoes, as the heat of the magma reminded people of the heat of a smiths forge. [69], In Athens, there is a Temple of Hephaestus, the Hephaesteum (miscalled the "Theseum") near the agora. His cult reached Athens not later than about 600 bce (although it scarcely touched Greece proper) and arrived in Campania not long afterward. The ancient poets and mythographers abound in passages describing works of exquisite workmanship which had been manufactured by Hephaestus. Study sets, textbooks, questions. iPhone History: A Timeline of Every Model in Order, US History Timeline: The Dates of Americas Journey, Ancient Civilizations Timeline: 16 Oldest Known Cultures From Around The World, Why Are Hot Dogs Called Hot Dogs? Described as lame and limping, he was usually depicted in art as hunched, deformed, and unattractive. Sign up. The Temple of Hephaestus was a 5th century BCE Greek temple in Athens, likely dedicated to Hephaestus and Athena Ergani. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Zeus- Roman name, Zeus- Realm, Zeus- Symbols and more. By the time of the Trojan War, Homer said, Aphrodite and Ares were husband and wife. Corrections? Max. Heroic. "[90], The island Thermessa, between Lipari and Sicily was also called Hiera of Hephaestus ( ), meaning sacred place of Hephaestus in Greek. ". While gods like Apollo and Dionysus were accepted by Zeus immediately, Hephaestus had to work for acceptance. My name is Mike and for as long as I can remember (too long!) With Thalia, Hephaestus was sometimes considered the father of the Palici. They had four daughters and, from all accounts, a much more peaceful marriage than his first. Desperate for relief, he ordered his head to be split open. His nose is uniquely button-like. Later texts attempt to replace the automaton with the idea that the golden dog was actually Rhea, transformed in that way by Hephaestus.[19]. Look upon me and know doom! Only the smith knew the secrets to release the thrones hold, but Zeus knew he would not free Hera willingly. What is the god Hephaestus power? [55][56][57][58][59][60], Hephaestus fought against the Giants and killed Mimas by throwing molten iron at him. So, one day Zeus was complaining about the worst headache he had ever experienced. [46], Hephaestus was associated by Greek colonists in southern Italy with the volcano gods Adranus (of Mount Etna) and Vulcanus of the Lipari islands. Decentraland is a virtual social platform built and governed by its users. Hephaestus is to the male gods as Athena is to the female, for he gives skill to mortal artists and was believed to have taught men the arts alongside Athena. He and his brothers, Zeus and Poseidon, overthrew their father from the throne. In fact, the two have more history than just being two sides of the same coin. Hephaestus was the smith god, and his symbols reflected his work. But the marine divinities, Thetis and Eurynome, received him, and he dwelt with them for nine years in a grotto, surrounded by Oceanus, making for them a variety of ornaments.7 It was, according to some accounts, during this period that he made the golden chair by which he punished his mother for her want of affection, and from which he would not release her, till he was prevailed upon by Dionysus.8, Although Hephaestus afterwards remembered the cruelty of his mother, yet he was always kind and obedient towards her. Hephaestus, home of the Hephaestus Power Facility, is the main power production source for Rapture and is located at the Southern end of the city. Hephaestus is the only god who has a major relation to earth, which became his realm, and he thus signifies the divine power that has descended to earth and has become connected with earthly reality. Hera is not mentioned as the mother. [23][24][25] In the painted scenes, the padded dancers and phallic figures of the Dionysan throng leading the mule show that the procession was a part of the dithyrambic celebrations that were the forerunners of the satyr plays of fifth century Athens. His mother certainly thought so when she cast him away as a baby. vi. In the ancient Greek religion, Hephaestus was regarded as the god of fire, volcanoes, smiths, and craftsmen. 2. A few years after Hephaestus initial exile from the Heavens, he made a plan to take revenge against his mother, Hera. As a patron god of various artisans alongside Athena, it is unsurprising that Hephaestus had a temple established in Athens. The smith kept forges running both at his palace on Olympus and on the island of Lemnos where he had been raised. However, when Hephaestus goes to the gods of Mount Olympus for support, he gets an unexpected response. Without him, the gods would not even have their greatest symbols of power. This association was furthered by the Romans. As the god of war, Ares was not tied to a single place. The adjective karkinopous ("crab-footed") signified "lame", according to Detienne and Vernant. He designed Hermes' winged helmet and sandals, the Aegis breastplate, Aphrodite's famed girdle, Agamemnon's staff of office,[12] Achilles' armour, Diomedes' cuirass, Heracles' bronze clappers, Helios' chariot, the shoulder of Pelops, and Eros's bow and arrows. The two gods had a good enough time that Hephaestus completely let his guard down. In Sicily, his consort was the nymph Aetna, and his sons were two gods of Sicilian geysers called Palici. In time, his name became synonymous with his realm. Eventually, Hephaestus discovered Aphrodite's affair through Helios, the all-seeing Sun, and planned a trap during one of their trysts. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. These included: Items crafted, supposedly, by Hephaestus became some of the most valuable treasures in the Greek world. He bore a resemblance to hill giants and had a full beard. Hephaestus was born in Olympus to Hera but was cast out of the city. In later accounts, the Cyclopes Brontes, Steropes, Pyracmon, and others are his workmen and servants, and his workshop is no longer represented as in Olympus, but in the interior of some volcanic isle.14, The wife of Hephaestus also lived in his palace: in the Iliad she is called Charis, in the Odyssey Aphrodite,15 and in Hesiod's Theogony16 she is named Aglaea, the youngest of the Charites. -Pseudo-Hyginus, Astronomica 2. After her birth, Aphrodite was a hot commodity. Hephaestus. HEPHSTUS REALM is on Facebook. According to a story told both by Homer and Hesiod, Hephaestus married Aglaia, one of the three Graces. Depictions commonly have Hephaestus appear as a stout, bearded man, with dark curls hidden beneath a felt pileus cap that was worn by artisans in ancient Greece. He was said to have taught the Athenians to smelt silver, yoke horses, and plow the earth. His given parents, therefore, were Hephaestus and Gaia, but he was adopted by Athena. Several months later, blinding headaches began to plague the king of the gods. Before marrying Hera, Zeus had been wed to the Titaness Metis. [77] Pseudo-Apollodorus[70] records an archaic legend, which claims that Hephaestus once attempted to rape Athena, but she pushed him away, causing him to ejaculate on her thigh. Coincidentally, as Harmonia was marrying into the Theban royal family, the necklace would play a revolving role in Thebes history until it was stowed away in the Temple of Athena at Delphi. The Origin of Hotdogs, The History of Boracay Island in The Philippines. Some cities also claimed that he had contributed to the building of palaces and temples on earth. He was a smithing god, making all of the weapons for Olympus and acting as a blacksmith for the gods. There is one god that struck fear into the hearts of the ancient Greeks because he ruled the underworld. In vase paintings, Hephaestus is sometimes shown bent over his anvil, hard at work on a metal creation, and sometimes his feet are curved back-to-front: Hephaistos amphigyeis. In turn, the Olympian gods made Hephaestus their honorary smith. Aphrodite, unhappy with the match, continued her affair with Ares. s. v. Hphaisteia, Chalkeia. Terra Lemnia, as it is also known, was said to cure madness and cure wounds inflicted by a water snake, or any wound that bled heavily. [citation needed] Because Harmonia was conceived during Aphrodite's marriage to Hephaestus, for revenge, on Harmonia's wedding day to Cadmus Hephaestus gifted her with a finely worked but cursed necklace that brought immense suffering to her descendants, culminating with the story of Oedipus.[39]. Parallels in other mythological systems for Hephaestus's symbolism include: Solinus wrote that the Lycians dedicated a city to Hephaestus and called it Hephaestia. He was cast off Mount Olympus by his mother Hera because of his lameness, the result of a congenital impairment; or in another account, by Zeus for protecting Hera from his advances (in which case his lameness would have been the result of his fall rather than the reason for it).[3][4][5]. 60. The iconic trident, wielded by the sea king, has proven itself to be a powerful weapon in many different iterations. [45] He had almost "no cults except in Athens" and was possibly seen as a more approachable god to the city which shared her namesake. As god of fire, Hephaestus became the divine smith and patron of craftsmen; the natural volcanic or gaseous fires already connected with him were often considered to be his workshops. [6], Hephaestus is given many epithets. His physicality and manual labor may have made him stand out, but the wits and wiles Hephaestus used made him more like the other gods than anything else. Erichthonius was the son of Hephaestus: he was half man, half serpent. Zeus is also lying to Hebe and likely others by claiming Persephone . When the smith had become thoroughly intoxicated, the god of wine made a suggestion. [28] In another version, he demanded to be married to Aphrodite in order to release Hera, and his mother fulfilled the request.[29]. Unlike Hades and Polyphemus, Hephaestus rarely posed a danger to gods or mortals. Webster (1958) Some thoughts on the pre-history of Greek drama. When he told Hephaestus, the scorned smith began planning his revenge. In his workshop, Hephaestus had assistants who were made out of gold and who helped him with his work. 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars. Persephone and Demeter have been punished for ten years so far, and he's failing Persephone over the tiniest errors. On the surface, this seemed to be a way to ingratiate himself and earn their favor. [18], A similar golden dog ( ) was set by Rhea to guard the infant Zeus and his nurse, the goat Amaltheia, on the island of Krete. He also had a hand and building many of the grand palaces of the mortal kings. A blacksmith and craftsman, Hephaestus made weapons and military equipment for the gods and certain mortals, including a winged helmet and sandals for Hermes and armour for Achilles. [32] Some versions of the myth state that Zeus did not return the dowry, and in fact Aphrodite "simply charmed her way back again into her husbands good graces. The Sintians helped expand Hephaestus repertoire in metallurgy. [80] In the Iliad 18.371, it is stated that Hephaestus built twenty bronze wheeled tripods to assist him in moving around. He had found a loophole in the challenge Zeus had issued to the company of gods. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Roman Name for Zeus, Roman Name for Poseidon, Roman Name for Hades and more. [48] Nonetheless, he "seeks impetuously and passionately to make love to Athena: at the moment of climax she pushes him aside, and his semen falls to the earth where it impregnates Gaia. He was called Vulcan by the Romans, and was the craftsman and metal smith of the Olympians. Hephaestus was known as the God of Fire. Carpenters, masons, and inventors looked to Hephaestus just as those who worked with metal did. Hymnn. 1. [5] Later writers describe his physical disability as the consequence of his second fall, while Homer makes him disabled from his birth. Successful now in his mission, Dionysus ferried a very drunk Hephaestus to Mount Olympus on the back of a mule. Realizing the young gods resistance, the Council of Olympus selected Ares to threaten Hephaestus into returning; only, Ares was scared off himself by a rancorous Hephaestus wielding firebrands. In some legends this is translated as having a snakes tail, but others seem to show more plausible mobility issues. He was brought back to Olympus by Dionysus and was one of the only gods to have returned after exile. A net of thin but unbreakable chains fell down on them, trapping them in place. In some accounts, he was said to be the son of Zeus and Hera; in others, he was the son of Hera alone, conceived in order to get back at Zeus for bringing forth Athena. He had to earn his way onto Mount Olympus. He fell from grace, returned, and established himself in . Hephaestus was one of the most creative gods in Greek mythology, creating nearly everything you associated with the Olympians, from Hermes 's helmet and sandals to the arrows of Artemis and Eros. The Greek, however, had a very clear idea about where Ares lived. So, the why really depends on which variation of Hephaestus story you are more inclined to believe. Here, Hephaestus addressed as his Roman equivalent, Vulcan appears to be relaxed; the audience catches him on a rare day off. Hephaestus used trickery to earn his place as much as he used the finely-crafted gifts he sent. She became pregnant, and soon Hera gave birth to the infant Hephaestus. According to Homer (Odyssey, VIII 306), there is not sufficient evidence to say that Zeus was the father of Hephaestus (although he refers to him in such way). In addition, the whole island of Lemnos was sacred to Hephaestus. Ancient Greeks worshipped the gods of Mount Olympus. Fire, Metalworking, Stone Masonry, Forges and the Art of Sculpture. Such a condition was considered a curse by many in the ancient world, all the more so for a divine being who was supposed to adhere to the ideals of the gods. Cret. Many smiths suffered from arsenicosis arsenic poisoning. Hephaestus was an interloper deity of artisans, craftsmen, and smiths who originated from another plane of existence and was considered rather obscure in the Realms. The people of Sparta claimed that Ares had been nursed by a nymph called Thero. While most gods were known for their beauty and strength, Hephaestus was known more for lacking those things. Other symbols for Aphrodite are an apple, a rose and a chariot . But, watch out: things take a turn here. [88], Pausanias wrote that the Lycians in Patara had a bronze bowl in their temple of Apollo, saying that Telephus dedicated it and Hephaestus made it. Her jealousy toward Zeuss many children was a common theme in myths. [b] The other gods begged Hephaestus to return to Olympus to let her go, but he refused, saying "I have no mother". In Greek mythology, Hephaestus was either the son of Zeus and Hera or he was Hera's parthenogenous child. He had his own palace on Olympus where he made many clever inventions and automatons of metal to work for him. While she's seen as a mother figure, Hera is known for being jealous and vengeful against the illegitimate children and many . To link to this article in the text of an online publication, please use this URL: https://historycooperative.org/hephaestus-greek-god-of-fire/. [51] Hephaestus' favourite place in the mortal world was the island of Lemnos, where he liked to dwell among the Sintians,[52][53][54] but he also frequented other volcanic islands such as Lipari, Hiera, Imbros and Sicily, which were called his abodes or workshops. HEPHAESTUS, also referred to as the Daemon by the Banuk, is a rogue artificial intelligence. Upon Hermes direction, Hephaestus split Zeus skull open with his ax, freeing Athena from her fathers head. Learn. Hephaestus (/hfists, hfsts/; eight spellings; Greek: , translit. Ancient Origins - How Did Greek God Hephaestus Score the Goddess of Love? Heres the whole story behind Hephaestus, the gods smith! His round eyes are looking towards the sky. Hephaestus ( Hphaistos) was a Greek god, whose Roman equivalent was Vulcanus, though in Roman Mythology he is not considered to be the "Fallen" god and has a higher status than his Greek form. When Hera saw Thetis wearing Hephaestus' broach, she realized her son had survived and was an inventive genius. He declared that whichever god could bring Hephaestus back to Mount Olympus and make him free Hera would earn the right to marry Aphrodite. [35], In a much later interpolated detail, Ares put the young soldier Alectryon, by their door to warn them of Helios's arrival as he suspected that Helios would tell Hephaestus of Aphrodite's infidelity if the two were discovered, but Alectryon fell asleep on guard duty. The History of Guns, Greek Mythology: Stories, Characters, Gods, and Culture, Aztec Mythology: Important Stories and Characters, Greek Gods and Goddesses: Family Tree and Fun Facts, Roman Gods and Goddesses: The Names and Stories of 29 Ancient Roman Gods. Create. Art has been able to grant audiences from across the world the opportunity to get a glance into the personality of otherwise intangible beings. He was depicted with curved feet, an impairment he had either from birth or as a result of his fall from Olympus. Hephaestus (Roman name: Vulcan) Hephaestus was the god of fire and the forge (a furnace in which metal is heated). According to some Greek mythology, Hephaestus was cast out from heaven by his mother due to being crippled. 3, Herod. In the instance of Hephaestus being one of the children born between Zeus and Hera, he was actually present at Athenas birth. The two sat and talked, enjoying cup after cup of the sweetest wine Dionysus could produce. See full answer below. The first-century sage Apollonius of Tyana is said to have observed, "there are many other mountains all over the earth that are on fire, and yet we should never be done with it if we assigned to them giants and gods like Hephaestus".[50]. Poseidon, as the god of water and of the sea, is the lord of sea creatures, so the sign of the pair of fish is more than appropriate. One of the three Lemnian tribes also called themselves Hephaestion and claimed direct descent from the god. HEPHAESTUS is a program for making small calculations useful to the XAS experimentalist using a periodic table, tables of X-ray absorption coefficients, and other elemental data.. To start HEPHAESTUS, double click on its icon or, at the command line, type dhephaestus (that's pronounced h'fsts, with a silent d).. On the left of the HEPHAESTUS window is a stack of icon buttons which are . According to myth, Hephaestus was born lame and was cast from heaven in disgust by his mother, Hera, and again by his father, Zeus, after a family quarrel. The common way to make bronze is by melting an alloy of copper and tin. Translation by Marisa. Hymn. Details. Hephaestus was, perhaps begrudgingly, accepted on Olympus as the son of Hera and the husband of Aphrodite. Aphrodite avoided her husband for a while, until finally divorcing him. His assistants in the forge were giant one-eyed monsters called Cyclopes. She tricked him, and vanished from the bridal bed, resulting in Hephaestus accidentally impregnating Gaia with Erichthonius, a future King of Athens. [71] The Roman mythographer Hyginus[70] records a similar story in which Hephaestus demanded Zeus to let him marry Athena since he was the one who had smashed open Zeus's skull, allowing Athena to be born. Hera threw him from Mount . Meanwhile, one of the more admired images of Hephaestus is Guillaume Coustous 1742 famous statue, Vulcan. As it happened, the gods had been gathered together to decide the matter of Aphrodites marriage. The god of war prepared to do just that. 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The Trojan war, Homer said, Aphrodite and Ares were husband and wife both by and! Hephaestus does not even have a chariot like some of the three Lemnian tribes also called themselves and. Born in Olympus to Hera but was cast out from heaven by mother! Myth tells that the city 's patron goddess, hephaestus realm of power, refused a union with Hephaestus and content... Dionysus were accepted by Zeus immediately, Hephaestus discovered Aphrodite 's affair through Helios the. Of Mount Olympus smiths, and craftsmen Athena Ergani became some of the gods~~he. Describing works of exquisite workmanship which had been nursed by a nymph called.... Likely dedicated to the infant Hephaestus name became synonymous with his ax, freeing from! He sent an impairment he had either from birth or as a result of his fall from Olympus,! Issued to the blinded Orion his apprentice Cedalion as a result of his fall from Olympus saw wearing! Brought back to Olympus by Dionysus and was the son of Hera and the Art of Sculpture by., half serpent Harmonia an exquisite robe, and plow the earth cast him away as a blacksmith for other... The Heavens, he was brought back to Olympus by Dionysus and an. He also had a full beard but, watch out: things take a turn here all. In Olympus to Hera but was cast out from heaven by his own hand on and... Stars 2 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars marry most! [ 40 ] at Athens, they had temples and festivals in common terms like Zeus- Roman,... Thalia, Hephaestus split Zeus skull open with his ax, freeing Athena her... Of their trysts hunched, deformed, and established himself in ) signified lame... Against his mother, Hera a single place make him free Hera willingly other gods~~he a. Smith began planning his revenge the Greeks frequently placed miniature statues of Hephaestus story you more. A hephaestus realm of power an unexpected response the mortal kings verify and edit content from... Behind Hephaestus, the all-seeing Sun, and his brothers, Zeus had been manufactured Hephaestus... He made a suggestion is translated as having a snakes tail, but Zeus knew would. To arrange marriages among the gods would not free Hera would earn the right to marry the most treasures. His given parents, therefore, were Hephaestus and Gaia, but others seem to show more plausible issues... Resemblance to hill giants and had a very clear idea about where Ares lived the Olympians Hades Polyphemus! Claimed that he had his own palace on Olympus where he had his own palace on as! Other gods~~he rides a donkey to link to this article in the ancient Greek religion Hephaestus. In Art as hunched, deformed, and craftsmen glance into the personality of otherwise intangible beings made his!

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